Report Overview
This report provides a deep insight into the global Signaling Gateway market covering all its essential aspects. This ranges from a macro overview of the market to micro details of the market size, competitive landscape, development trend, niche market, key market drivers and challenges, SWOT analysis, value chain analysis, etc.
The analysis helps the reader to shape the competition within the industries and strategies for the competitive environment to enhance the potential profit. Furthermore, it provides a simple framework for evaluating and accessing the position of the business organization. The report structure also focuses on the competitive landscape of the Global Signaling Gateway Market, this report introduces in detail the market share, market performance, product situation, operation situation, etc. of the main players, which helps the readers in the industry to identify the main competitors and deeply understand the competition pattern of the market.
In a word, this report is a must-read for industry players, investors, researchers, consultants, business strategists, and all those who have any kind of stake or are planning to foray into the Signaling Gateway market in any manner.
Global Signaling Gateway Market: Market Segmentation Analysis
The research report includes specific segments by region (country), manufacturers, Type, and Application. Market segmentation creates subsets of a market based on product type, end-user or application, Geographic, and other factors. By understanding the market segments, the decision-maker can leverage this targeting in the product, sales, and marketing strategies. Market segments can power your product development cycles by informing how you create product offerings for different segments.
Key Company
Niceuc
TelcoBridges
Squire Technologies
TERRATEL
Tekelec
Market Segmentation (by Type)
4 Links
8 Links
16 Links
Market Segmentation (by Application)
Fixed Line Provider
Mobile Service Provider
Geographic Segmentation
? North America (USA, Canada, Mexico)
? Europe (Germany, UK, France, Russia, Italy, Rest of Europe)
? Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea, India, Southeast Asia, Rest of Asia-Pacific)
? South America (Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, Rest of South America)
? The Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, Rest of MEA)
Key Benefits of This Market Research:
? Industry drivers, restraints, and opportunities covered in the study
? Neutral perspective on the market performance
? Recent industry trends and developments
? Competitive landscape & strategies of key players
? Potential & niche segments and regions exhibiting promising growth covered
? Historical, current, and projected market size, in terms of value
? In-depth analysis of the Signaling Gateway Market
? Overview of the regional outlook of the Signaling Gateway Market:
Key Reasons to Buy this Report:
? Access to date statistics compiled by our researchers. These provide you with historical and forecast data, which is analyzed to tell you why your market is set to change
? This enables you to anticipate market changes to remain ahead of your competitors
? You will be able to copy data from the Excel spreadsheet straight into your marketing plans, business presentations, or other strategic documents
? The concise analysis, clear graph, and table format will enable you to pinpoint the information you require quickly
? Provision of market value (USD Billion) data for each segment and sub-segment
? Indicates the region and segment that is expected to witness the fastest growth as well as to dominate the market
? Analysis by geography highlighting the consumption of the product/service in the region as well as indicating the factors that are affecting the market within each region
? Competitive landscape which incorporates the market ranking of the major players, along with new service/product launches, partnerships, business expansions, and acquisitions in the past five years of companies profiled
? Extensive company profiles comprising of company overview, company insights, product benchmarking, and SWOT analysis for the major market players
? The current as well as the future market outlook of the industry concerning recent developments which involve growth opportunities and drivers as well as challenges and restraints of both emerging as well as developed regions
? Includes in-depth analysis of the market from various perspectives through Porter?s five forces analysis
? Provides insight into the market through Value Chain
? Market dynamics scenario, along with growth opportunities of the market in the years to come
? 6-month post-sales analyst support
Customization of the Report
In case of any queries or customization requirements, please connect with our sales team, who will ensure that your requirements are met.
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1 mainly introduces the statistical scope of the report, market division standards, and market research methods.
Chapter 2 is an executive summary of different market segments (by region, product type, application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the Signaling Gateway Market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.
Chapter 3 makes a detailed analysis of the market's competitive landscape of the market and provides the market share, capacity, output, price, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information of the main manufacturers in the market.
Chapter 4 is the analysis of the whole market industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry, as well as Porter's five forces analysis.
Chapter 5 introduces the latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 6 provides the analysis of various market segments according to product types, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 7 provides the analysis of various market segments according to application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 8 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and capacity of each country in the world.
Chapter 9 introduces the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales revenue, sales volume, price, gross profit margin, market share, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 10 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region in the next five years.
Chapter 11 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each market segment (product type and application) in the next five years.
Chapter 12 is the main points and conclusions of the report.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents
1 Research Methodology and Statistical Scope
1.1 Market Definition and Statistical Scope of Signaling Gateway
1.2 Key Market Segments
1.2.1 Signaling Gateway Segment by Type
1.2.2 Signaling Gateway Segment by Application
1.3 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.3.1 Research Methodology
1.3.2 Research Process
1.3.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
1.3.4 Base Year
1.3.5 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Signaling Gateway Market Overview
2.1 Global Market Overview
2.1.1 Global Signaling Gateway Market Size (M USD) Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
2.1.2 Global Signaling Gateway Sales Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
2.2 Market Segment Executive Summary
2.3 Global Market Size by Region
3 Signaling Gateway Market Competitive Landscape
3.1 Global Signaling Gateway Sales by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
3.2 Global Signaling Gateway Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
3.3 Signaling Gateway Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
3.4 Global Signaling Gateway Average Price by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
3.5 Manufacturers Signaling Gateway Sales Sites, Area Served, Product Type
3.6 Signaling Gateway Market Competitive Situation and Trends
3.6.1 Signaling Gateway Market Concentration Rate
3.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Signaling Gateway Players Market Share by Revenue
3.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
4 Signaling Gateway Industry Chain Analysis
4.1 Signaling Gateway Industry Chain Analysis
4.2 Market Overview of Key Raw Materials
4.3 Midstream Market Analysis
4.4 Downstream Customer Analysis
5 The Development and Dynamics of Signaling Gateway Market
5.1 Key Development Trends
5.2 Driving Factors
5.3 Market Challenges
5.4 Market Restraints
5.5 Industry News
5.5.1 New Product Developments
5.5.2 Mergers & Acquisitions
5.5.3 Expansions
5.5.4 Collaboration/Supply Contracts
5.6 Industry Policies
6 Signaling Gateway Market Segmentation by Type
6.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
6.2 Global Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
6.3 Global Signaling Gateway Market Size Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
6.4 Global Signaling Gateway Price by Type (2019-2024)
7 Signaling Gateway Market Segmentation by Application
7.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
7.2 Global Signaling Gateway Market Sales by Application (2019-2024)
7.3 Global Signaling Gateway Market Size (M USD) by Application (2019-2024)
7.4 Global Signaling Gateway Sales Growth Rate by Application (2019-2024)
8 Signaling Gateway Market Segmentation by Region
8.1 Global Signaling Gateway Sales by Region
8.1.1 Global Signaling Gateway Sales by Region
8.1.2 Global Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Region
8.2 North America
8.2.1 North America Signaling Gateway Sales by Country
8.2.2 U.S.
8.2.3 Canada
8.2.4 Mexico
8.3 Europe
8.3.1 Europe Signaling Gateway Sales by Country
8.3.2 Germany
8.3.3 France
8.3.4 U.K.
8.3.5 Italy
8.3.6 Russia
8.4 Asia Pacific
8.4.1 Asia Pacific Signaling Gateway Sales by Region
8.4.2 China
8.4.3 Japan
8.4.4 South Korea
8.4.5 India
8.4.6 Southeast Asia
8.5 South America
8.5.1 South America Signaling Gateway Sales by Country
8.5.2 Brazil
8.5.3 Argentina
8.5.4 Columbia
8.6 Middle East and Africa
8.6.1 Middle East and Africa Signaling Gateway Sales by Region
8.6.2 Saudi Arabia
8.6.3 UAE
8.6.4 Egypt
8.6.5 Nigeria
8.6.6 South Africa
9 Key Companies Profile
9.1 Niceuc
9.1.1 Niceuc Signaling Gateway Basic Information
9.1.2 Niceuc Signaling Gateway Product Overview
9.1.3 Niceuc Signaling Gateway Product Market Performance
9.1.4 Niceuc Business Overview
9.1.5 Niceuc Signaling Gateway SWOT Analysis
9.1.6 Niceuc Recent Developments
9.2 TelcoBridges
9.2.1 TelcoBridges Signaling Gateway Basic Information
9.2.2 TelcoBridges Signaling Gateway Product Overview
9.2.3 TelcoBridges Signaling Gateway Product Market Performance
9.2.4 TelcoBridges Business Overview
9.2.5 TelcoBridges Signaling Gateway SWOT Analysis
9.2.6 TelcoBridges Recent Developments
9.3 Squire Technologies
9.3.1 Squire Technologies Signaling Gateway Basic Information
9.3.2 Squire Technologies Signaling Gateway Product Overview
9.3.3 Squire Technologies Signaling Gateway Product Market Performance
9.3.4 Squire Technologies Signaling Gateway SWOT Analysis
9.3.5 Squire Technologies Business Overview
9.3.6 Squire Technologies Recent Developments
9.4 TERRATEL
9.4.1 TERRATEL Signaling Gateway Basic Information
9.4.2 TERRATEL Signaling Gateway Product Overview
9.4.3 TERRATEL Signaling Gateway Product Market Performance
9.4.4 TERRATEL Business Overview
9.4.5 TERRATEL Recent Developments
9.5 Tekelec
9.5.1 Tekelec Signaling Gateway Basic Information
9.5.2 Tekelec Signaling Gateway Product Overview
9.5.3 Tekelec Signaling Gateway Product Market Performance
9.5.4 Tekelec Business Overview
9.5.5 Tekelec Recent Developments
10 Signaling Gateway Market Forecast by Region
10.1 Global Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast
10.2 Global Signaling Gateway Market Forecast by Region
10.2.1 North America Market Size Forecast by Country
10.2.2 Europe Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Country
10.2.3 Asia Pacific Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Region
10.2.4 South America Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Country
10.2.5 Middle East and Africa Forecasted Consumption of Signaling Gateway by Country
11 Forecast Market by Type and by Application (2025-2030)
11.1 Global Signaling Gateway Market Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
11.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Signaling Gateway by Type (2025-2030)
11.1.2 Global Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
11.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Signaling Gateway by Type (2025-2030)
11.2 Global Signaling Gateway Market Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
11.2.1 Global Signaling Gateway Sales (K Units) Forecast by Application
11.2.2 Global Signaling Gateway Market Size (M USD) Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
12 Conclusion and Key Findings
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Introduction of the Type
Table 2. Introduction of the Application
Table 3. Market Size (M USD) Segment Executive Summary
Table 4. Signaling Gateway Market Size Comparison by Region (M USD)
Table 5. Global Signaling Gateway Sales (K Units) by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 6. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 7. Global Signaling Gateway Revenue (M USD) by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 8. Global Signaling Gateway Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Signaling Gateway as of 2022)
Table 10. Global Market Signaling Gateway Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 11. Manufacturers Signaling Gateway Sales Sites and Area Served
Table 12. Manufacturers Signaling Gateway Product Type
Table 13. Global Signaling Gateway Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 14. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 15. Industry Chain Map of Signaling Gateway
Table 16. Market Overview of Key Raw Materials
Table 17. Midstream Market Analysis
Table 18. Downstream Customer Analysis
Table 19. Key Development Trends
Table 20. Driving Factors
Table 21. Signaling Gateway Market Challenges
Table 22. Global Signaling Gateway Sales by Type (K Units)
Table 23. Global Signaling Gateway Market Size by Type (M USD)
Table 24. Global Signaling Gateway Sales (K Units) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 25. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 26. Global Signaling Gateway Market Size (M USD) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 27. Global Signaling Gateway Market Size Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 28. Global Signaling Gateway Price (USD/Unit) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 29. Global Signaling Gateway Sales (K Units) by Application
Table 30. Global Signaling Gateway Market Size by Application
Table 31. Global Signaling Gateway Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 32. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 33. Global Signaling Gateway Sales by Application (2019-2024) & (M USD)
Table 34. Global Signaling Gateway Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 35. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Growth Rate by Application (2019-2024)
Table 36. Global Signaling Gateway Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 37. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 38. North America Signaling Gateway Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 39. Europe Signaling Gateway Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 40. Asia Pacific Signaling Gateway Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 41. South America Signaling Gateway Sales by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 42. Middle East and Africa Signaling Gateway Sales by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 43. Niceuc Signaling Gateway Basic Information
Table 44. Niceuc Signaling Gateway Product Overview
Table 45. Niceuc Signaling Gateway Sales (K Units), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 46. Niceuc Business Overview
Table 47. Niceuc Signaling Gateway SWOT Analysis
Table 48. Niceuc Recent Developments
Table 49. TelcoBridges Signaling Gateway Basic Information
Table 50. TelcoBridges Signaling Gateway Product Overview
Table 51. TelcoBridges Signaling Gateway Sales (K Units), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 52. TelcoBridges Business Overview
Table 53. TelcoBridges Signaling Gateway SWOT Analysis
Table 54. TelcoBridges Recent Developments
Table 55. Squire Technologies Signaling Gateway Basic Information
Table 56. Squire Technologies Signaling Gateway Product Overview
Table 57. Squire Technologies Signaling Gateway Sales (K Units), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 58. Squire Technologies Signaling Gateway SWOT Analysis
Table 59. Squire Technologies Business Overview
Table 60. Squire Technologies Recent Developments
Table 61. TERRATEL Signaling Gateway Basic Information
Table 62. TERRATEL Signaling Gateway Product Overview
Table 63. TERRATEL Signaling Gateway Sales (K Units), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 64. TERRATEL Business Overview
Table 65. TERRATEL Recent Developments
Table 66. Tekelec Signaling Gateway Basic Information
Table 67. Tekelec Signaling Gateway Product Overview
Table 68. Tekelec Signaling Gateway Sales (K Units), Revenue (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 69. Tekelec Business Overview
Table 70. Tekelec Recent Developments
Table 71. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 72. Global Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 73. North America Signaling Gateway Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 74. North America Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 75. Europe Signaling Gateway Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 76. Europe Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 77. Asia Pacific Signaling Gateway Sales Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 78. Asia Pacific Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 79. South America Signaling Gateway Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 80. South America Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 81. Middle East and Africa Signaling Gateway Consumption Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (Units)
Table 82. Middle East and Africa Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 83. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Forecast by Type (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 84. Global Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Type (2025-2030) & (M USD)
Table 85. Global Signaling Gateway Price Forecast by Type (2025-2030) & (USD/Unit)
Table 86. Global Signaling Gateway Sales (K Units) Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
Table 87. Global Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Application (2025-2030) & (M USD)
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Signaling Gateway
Figure 2. Data Triangulation
Figure 3. Key Caveats
Figure 4. Global Signaling Gateway Market Size (M USD), 2019-2030
Figure 5. Global Signaling Gateway Market Size (M USD) (2019-2030)
Figure 6. Global Signaling Gateway Sales (K Units) & (2019-2030)
Figure 7. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
Figure 8. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
Figure 9. Evaluation Matrix of Regional Market Development Potential
Figure 10. Signaling Gateway Market Size by Country (M USD)
Figure 11. Signaling Gateway Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 12. Global Signaling Gateway Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 13. Signaling Gateway Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2023
Figure 14. Global Market Signaling Gateway Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 15. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Signaling Gateway Revenue in 2023
Figure 16. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
Figure 17. Global Signaling Gateway Market Share by Type
Figure 18. Sales Market Share of Signaling Gateway by Type (2019-2024)
Figure 19. Sales Market Share of Signaling Gateway by Type in 2023
Figure 20. Market Size Share of Signaling Gateway by Type (2019-2024)
Figure 21. Market Size Market Share of Signaling Gateway by Type in 2023
Figure 22. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
Figure 23. Global Signaling Gateway Market Share by Application
Figure 24. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Figure 25. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Application in 2023
Figure 26. Global Signaling Gateway Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Figure 27. Global Signaling Gateway Market Share by Application in 2023
Figure 28. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Growth Rate by Application (2019-2024)
Figure 29. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Figure 30. North America Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 31. North America Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Country in 2023
Figure 32. U.S. Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 33. Canada Signaling Gateway Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2019-2024)
Figure 34. Mexico Signaling Gateway Sales (Units) and Growth Rate (2019-2024)
Figure 35. Europe Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 36. Europe Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Country in 2023
Figure 37. Germany Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 38. France Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 39. U.K. Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 40. Italy Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 41. Russia Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 42. Asia Pacific Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (K Units)
Figure 43. Asia Pacific Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Region in 2023
Figure 44. China Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 45. Japan Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 46. South Korea Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 47. India Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 48. Southeast Asia Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 49. South America Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (K Units)
Figure 50. South America Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Country in 2023
Figure 51. Brazil Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 52. Argentina Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 53. Columbia Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 54. Middle East and Africa Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (K Units)
Figure 55. Middle East and Africa Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share by Region in 2023
Figure 56. Saudi Arabia Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 57. UAE Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 58. Egypt Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 59. Nigeria Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 60. South Africa Signaling Gateway Sales and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 61. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Forecast by Volume (2019-2030) & (K Units)
Figure 62. Global Signaling Gateway Market Size Forecast by Value (2019-2030) & (M USD)
Figure 63. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
Figure 64. Global Signaling Gateway Market Share Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
Figure 65. Global Signaling Gateway Sales Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
Figure 66. Global Signaling Gateway Market Share Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
